Galili

Amussnaw aṭalyani

Galilei Galileo ilul ass n 15 Fuṛaṛ 1564 deg Pisa – yemmut ass n 8 Yennayer 1642 deg Arcetri, tama n Firenze, Ṭṭalyan. D amusnak (mathématicien), d amesnallun (astronome) yernu d amsengama (physicien) aṭalyani. Baba-s yella d amẓawan. Galileo yezrew tasnajya sakkin yerra-d lwelha-nnes ɣer tusnakt. D netta ay d-yesnulfan amnekni amneglugal (équilibre hydrostatique) deg tizi n 1586 yernu d ta ay d taɣawsa tamezwarut ay t-yerran mechuṛ.

Deg 1589, yessuffeɣ-d yiwen n unadi ɣef wammas n tnezɣa (centre de gravité) n yimesbak (solides). S waya ay yeqqel d aselmad n tusnakt deg Tesdawit n Pisa. Deg tesdawit-a ay d-yessken dakken teɣleḍ tmuɣli n Arisṭu ay d-yennan dakken tifekkiwin yesɛan isukal (poids) yemgerraden ɣellin s tazzalin (vitesses) yemgerraden. Yessumer-d daɣ asaḍuf i uckaḍ asurad (accélération uniforme) n tfekkiwin iɣellin, am wakken ay d-yessken dakken abrid ara taɣ tɣawsa yettwazellin d akunzirar (parabolique). 

D Galileo ay d amezwaru ay yesqedcen atiliskud akken ad yezrew igenni. Deg 1609-1610, iwala dakken tajumma (surface) n Wayyur d arlugan (irrégulier). Iwala daɣ dakken Abrid n Walim (Voie lactée) d itran ay yellan deg-s, am wakken ay iwala dakken amtiweg n Yebṭer (Jupiter) yesɛa ayyuren. D tigra-a (découvertes) ay t-yeǧǧan ad yeqqel d afelsuf yernu d amusnak n uduk ameqqran n Toscana.

Deg useggas n 1611, yeɛreḍ ad yesseqneɛ medden ɣef unagraw acoperniki aydeg ay d-yenna umassan apuluni Copernicus dakken d Akal d yimtiwgen niḍen ttezzin ɣef Tafukt yernu maci d Tafukt ay yettezzin ɣef Wakal. Iselmaden n tmuɣli tarisṭutit (yettwalin dakken d Tafukt ay yettezzin ɣef Wakal) rfan fell-as, ma d taklizt tenna-d, deg 1616, dakken tamuɣli tacopernikit d tucciḍt. 

Ɣas akken, yettunefk-as uzref i Galileo akken ad yaru ɣef unagraw acoperniki maca war ma yessken-d dakken iwufeq tamuɣli-a. S waya, yura-d adlis n « Adiwenni yerzan Sin n Yinagrawen Igejdanen n Umaḍal » deg 1632. Ula ma adlis-a walan-t aṭas n yimassanen d taṣekka (œuvre) ifazen, maca rfan fell-as yijizwiyen. S waya, yettwacaṛeɛ Galileo deg Tenkizit yernu yettwaḥettem ad yenkeṛ timuɣliwin-nnes tussnanin. 

Yekka Galileo ayen akk ay d-yeqqimen deg tmeddurt-nnes deg uskurmu n uxxam (détention à domicile), maca ikemmel yettaru yernu itteg anadi ussnan ula asmi ay yedderɣel deg 1637.  

Ɛumar Mufuq

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https://sadbendali.blogspot.com/2020/11/galiley.html